Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) \(\left(x+y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\left(x+3y\right)\left(x+4y\right)+x^4\)
b) \(\left(x^2+4x+2\right)^2-3x\left(x^2+4x+2\right)+2x^2\)
c) \(4x^4-8x^3+3x^2-8x+4\)
d)\(2x^4-15x^3+35x^3-30x+8\)
Bài 1: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
1) \(3x^3y^2-6xy\)
2) \(\left(x-2y\right).\left(x+3y\right)-2.\left(x-2y\right)\)
3) \(\left(3x-1\right).\left(x-2y\right)-5x.\left(2y-x\right)\)
4) \(x^2-y^2-6y-9\)
5) \(\left(3x-y\right)^2-4y^2\)
6) \(4x^2-9y^2-4x+1\)
8) \(x^2y-xy^2-2x+2y\)
9) \(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\)
Bài 2: Tìm x:
1) \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-4.\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
2) \(9x^3-x=0\)
3) \(\left(3-2x\right)^2-2.\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
4) \(\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)-10x+25=0\)
Bài 2:
1: \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-4\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-1-4\right)=0\)
=>(2x-1)(2x-5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(9x^3-x=0\)
=>\(x\left(9x^2-1\right)=0\)
=>x(3x-1)(3x+1)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\3x-1=0\\3x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: \(\left(3-2x\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-3\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
=>(2x-3)(2x-3-2)=0
=>(2x-3)(2x-5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4: \(\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)-10x+25=0\)
=>\(2x^2+10x-5x-25-10x+25=0\)
=>\(2x^2-5x=0\)
=>\(x\left(2x-5\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
1: \(3x^3y^2-6xy\)
\(=3xy\cdot x^2y-3xy\cdot2\)
\(=3xy\left(x^2y-2\right)\)
2: \(\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y\right)-2\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\cdot\left(x+3y\right)-2\cdot\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y-2\right)\)
3: \(\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)-5x\left(2y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)+5x\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=(x-2y)(3x-1+5x)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(8x-1\right)\)
4: \(x^2-y^2-6y-9\)
\(=x^2-\left(y^2+6y+9\right)\)
\(=x^2-\left(y+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)
5: \(\left(3x-y\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(3x-y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-y-2y\right)\left(3x-y+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
6: \(4x^2-9y^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-9y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1-3y\right)\left(2x-1+3y\right)\)
8: \(x^2y-xy^2-2x+2y\)
\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-2\right)\)
9: \(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(2x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)
phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) \(P=-3x^3+5x\)
b) \(Q=\left(2x-1\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
c) \(R=4-16x^2\)
d) \(S=36-4x^2\)
e) \(T=8x^3-1\)
f) \(Q=8-x^3\)
g) \(N=64-x^3\)
a: \(P=-3x^3+5x\)
\(=x\cdot\left(-3x^2\right)+x\cdot5\)
\(=x\left(-3x^2+5\right)\)
b: \(Q=\left(2x-1\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(1+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
c: \(R=4-16x^2\)
\(=4\cdot1-4\cdot4x^2\)
\(=4\left(1-4x^2\right)\)
\(=4\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)
d: \(S=36-4x^2\)
\(=4\cdot9-4\cdot x^2\)
\(=4\left(9-x^2\right)\)
\(=4\left(3-x\right)\left(3+x\right)\)
e: \(T=8x^3-1\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3-1^3\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)\)
f: \(Q=8-x^3\)
\(=2^3-x^3\)
\(=\left(2-x\right)\left(4+2x+x^2\right)\)
g: \(N=64-x^3\)
\(=4^3-x^3\)
\(=\left(4-x\right)\left(16+4x+x^2\right)\)
bài 1: phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a,2x+10y
b,x\(^2+4x+4\)
c,\(x^2-y^2+10y-25\)
bài 2 tìm x, biết
a,\(x^2-3x+x-3=0\)
b,\(2x\left(x-3\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4x^2-3\right)=0\)
c,\(x^2-\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-5\right)=9\)
\(B1\\ a,2x+10y=2\left(x+5y\right)\\ b,x^2+4x+4=x^2+2.2x+2^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\\ c,x^2-y^2+10y-25\\ =\left(x^2-y^2\right)+5\left(2y-5\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+5\left(2y-5\right)\\ B2\)
\(a,x^2-3x+x-3=0\\ =>x\left(x-3\right)+\left(x-3\right)=0\\ =>\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\\ =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.=>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,2x\left(x-3\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4x^2-3\right)=0\\ =>2x^2-6x-2x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}=0\\ =>-6x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\ =>x=\left(-\dfrac{3}{2}\right):\left(-6\right)\\ =>x=\dfrac{1}{4}\\ c,x^2-\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-5\right)=9\\ =>x^2-2x^2+6x+5x-15=9\\ =>-x^2+11-15-9=0\\ =>-x^2+11x-24=0\\ =>-x^2+8x+3x-24=0\\ =>-x\left(x-8\right)+3\left(x-8\right)=0\\ =>\left(3-x\right)\left(x-8\right)=0\\ =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}3-x=0\\x-8=0\end{matrix}\right.=>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử :
a/ \(10x\left(x-y\right)-6y\left(y-x\right)\)
b/ \(14x^2y-21xy^2+28x^3y^2\)
c/ \(x^2-4+\left(x-2\right)^2\)
d/ \(\left(x+1\right)^2-25\)
e/ \(x^2-4y^2-2x+4y\)
f/ \(x^2-25-2xy+y^2\)
g/ \(x^3-2x^2+x-xy^2\)
h/ \(x^3-4x^2-12x+27\)
i/ \(x^2+5x-6\)
m/ \(6x^2-7x+2\)
n/ \(4x^4+81\)
\(a.10x\left(x-y\right)-6y\left(y-x\right)\\ =10x\left(x-y\right)+6y\left(x-y\right)\\ =\left(10x-6y\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ =2\left(5x-3y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(b.14x^2y-21xy^2+28x^3y^2\\ =7xy\left(x-y+xy\right)\)
\(c.x^2-4+\left(x-2\right)^2\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(x-2\right)^2\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2+x-2\right)\\ =2x\left(x-2\right)\)
\(d.\left(x+1\right)^2-25\\ =\left(x+1-5\right)\left(x+1+5\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
PHÂN TÍCH ĐA THỨC SAU THÀNH NHÂN TỬ BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐẶT BIẾN PHỤ
a) \(\left(x^2+4x+8\right)^2+3x\left(x^2+4x+8\right)+2x^2.\)
b) \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\)
c) \(\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+15\)
d) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\)
b)(x2+x+1)(x2+x+2)-12
Đặt t=x2+x+1
t(t+1)-12=t2+t-12
=(t-3)(t+4)=(x2+x+1-3)(x2+x+1+4)
=(x2+x-2)(x2+x+5)
=(x-1)(x+2)(x2+x+5)
c)(x2+8x+7)(x2+8x+15)+15
Đặt t=x2+8x+7
t(t+8)+15=t2+8t+15
=(t+3)(t+5)
=(x2+8x+7+3)(x2+8x+7+15)
=(x2+8x+10)(x2+8x+22)
d)(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)(x+5)-24
=(x2+7x+10)(x2+7x+12)-24
Đặt t=x2+7x+10
t(t+2)-24=(t-4)(t+6)
=(x2+7x+10-4)(x2+7x+10+6)
=(x2+7x+6)(x2+7x+16)
=(x+1)(x+6)(x2+7x+16)
a/ Đặt x2 + 4x + 8 = a
Thì đa thức ban đầu thành
a2 + 3ax + 2x2 = (a2 + 2ax + x2) + (ax + x2)
= (a + x)2 + x(a + x) = (a + x)(a + 2x)
b/ Đặt x2 + x + 1 = a thì đa thức ban đầu thành
a(a + 1) - 12 = a2 + a - 12 = (a2 - 3a) + (4a - 12)
= (a - 3)(a + 4)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
\(a.\left(x^2+4x-3\right)^2-5x\left(x^2+4x-3\right)+6x^2\)
B. \(x^2-2xy+y^2+3x-3y-4\)
\(c.\left(12x^2-12xy+3y^2\right)-10\left(2x-y\right)+8\)
\(d.\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(x^2-2x-1\right)-6\)
Giải hệ bằng phương pháp phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+x-2=0\\2x^3-x^2y+x^2+y^2-2xy-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2xy+x+y=0\\x^4-4x^2y+3x^2+y^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.
\(2x^3-x^2y+x^2+y^2-2xy-y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x-y+1\right)-y\left(2x-y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-y=0\\2x-y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=x^2\\y=2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thế vào pt đầu:
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^3+x-2=0\\x\left(2x+1\right)+x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)=0\\x^2+x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b.
\(x^2-2xy+x=-y\)
Thế vào \(y^2\) ở pt dưới:
\(x^2\left(x^2-4y+3\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-4y+3\right)+x^2\left(x-2y+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\Rightarrow y=0\\x^2-4y+3+\left(x-2y+1\right)^2=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4xy+2x+4y^2-8y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2xy+x\right)+4y^2-8y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2y+4y^2-8y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
\(A=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(x^2-2x-1\right)-6\)
\(B=\left(x^2+4x-3\right)^2-5x\left(x^2+4x-3\right)+6x^2\)
\(C=\left(x^2+x+4\right)^2+8x\left(x^2+x+4\right)+14x^2\)
B2 :
a) Làm tính nhân : \(\left(5x^2y-8xy^2+y^3\right)\left(2x^3+x^2y-3y^3\right)\)
b)Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử :
\(8x^3+4x^2y-2xy^2-y^3\)
\(7x^3-3x^2y-3xy^2-y^3\)
c) CMR : biểu thức sau không phụ thuộc vào x :
\(x\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^3-3x\left(4x-1\right)\)
d) tìm a để đa thức : \(\left(24x^3+34x^2-13x+a\right)⋮\left(6x+1\right)\)
Bài 2 :
a) \(\left(5x^2y-8xy^2+y^3\right)\left(2x^3+x^2y-3y^2\right)\)
\(=10x^5y+5x^4y^2-15x^2y^3-16x^4y^2-8x^3y^3+24xy^4+2x^3y^3+x^2y^4-3y^5\)
\(=10x^5y-11x^4y^2-6x^3y^3+x^2y^4-15x^2y^3+24xy^4-3y^5\)